SAQQARA

Saqqara: translation

   Modern name for the main necropolis of ancient Memphis in use from Dynasty 1 to the Roman Period. The area contains the tombs of the high officials of the Early Dynastic Period; the step pyramids of Dynasty 3, notably the pyramid complex of Djoser; the tomb of Shepseskaf of Dynasty 4; three pyramids of Dynasty 5, including that of Unas with the first inscribed pyramid texts; the pyramids of Dynasty 6; many private tombs from all periods; and the Serapeum, the burial place of the Apisbull. The area has been under continuous excavation since the late 19th century, and recent discoveries by Egyptian, British, and French excavators include the late Dynasty 18 and Ramesside Period cemeteries, notably the tombs of Horemheb as a commoner and the vizier Aperel.