In all of the above industries, a large financial commitment is required just to get the first unit of good or service produced. Once the upfront investments are made, there may be economies of scale with regards to ongoing expenses and sales growth. But the initial hurdle to get into the business tends to keep the list of competitors small, creating high barriers to entry.
Companies in capital-intensive industries are thus often marked by high levels of depreciation and fixed assets on the balance sheet.
2) капиталоёмкий (о производстве)