ANTIGONUS MONOPHTALMOS

(reigned 321–301 B.C.)

   Macedonian general, chief of cavalry of Alexanderthe Great, satrap of Phrygia, and later king. In the aftermath of Alexander’s death, he competed with the other generals for a share in the succession. Antigonus managed to dislodge Seleucus I from Babylon, and for four years (312–308) they engaged in bitter warfare that ravaged the country. Antigonus’s brutal behavior toward the Babylonian population was described in the Babylonian Chronicles. He was finally defeated by Seleucus and at 81 years of age was killed in the battle at Ipsus in Phrygia.