Значение слова "PEARL" найдено в 49 источниках

PEARL

найдено в "Англо-русском большом универсальном переводческом словаре"

[pɜːl]

жемчуг

перламутр

жемчужина, перл; исключительный пример, образец

капелька росы, росинка

слеза

зернышко, крупинка

белые, красивые зубы

перл

добывать жемчуг, ловить жемчуг

осыпать, расшивать, украшать жемчугом перламутром

выступать жемчужными каплями

покрываться (жемчужными) каплями

покрывать перламутром

придавать жемчужный цвет

придавать жемчужный блеск

дробить, рушить

найдено в "Англо-русском большом универсальном переводческом словаре"

[pɜːl]

Перл

Перл, «Жемчужная река»

найдено в "Encyclopedia of medieval literature"

Pearl: translation

(ca. 1375)

Pearl is an important Middle English DREAM VISION poem preserved in a single late 14th-century manuscript known as Cotton Nero A.x, the same manuscript in which survive three other long poems: SIR GAWAIN AND THE GREEN KNIGHT, CLEANNESS, and PATIENCE. On the basis of vocabulary and style, most scholars attribute all four poems to the same writer. All four poems are written in the same Northwest Midland dialect, and all belong, to some extent, to the ALLITERATIVE REVIVAL that characterized much English poetry of the time. Interpretation of the poem has varied. Many consider the poem to be autobiographical, concerned with the death of the poet’s own infant daughter. Others see the dead girl, the Pearlmaiden, as a literary device enabling the poet to teach a number of important doctrinal truths. Essentially the poem moves from the narrator’s inconsolable grief for the loss of his precious pearl, to the real understanding of Christian precepts that he had previously known in his mind but had not embraced with his heart.

The poem begins with the narrator despondent over losing a pearl, and he searches in vain the grass in which the jewel has been lost. His inordinate grief suggests something more than a literal gem, and it is only gradually that the reader becomes aware that what has been lost is the dreamer’s two-year-old daughter, who now, in his dream, appears to him as a grown woman bedecked in pearls. The Dreamer sees her across a stream in a paradisal land, and slowly comes to realize she is the adult, spiritual version of his lost child.He is overjoyed to see her, and she convinces him that his excessive grief is inappropriate—that she lives a blessed life now as Queen of Heaven and Bride of Christ. Against the Dreamer’s fears about infant salvation, the Pearl maiden reveals that baptism is sufficient for a child to attain salvation, and when the Dreamer fears that she was too young to have received the reward she describes, the maiden recounts for him the parable of the vineyard from Matthew 20.1–16: All are exalted equally in heaven.Excessive grief over his daughter must be assuaged by faith and patience, and the Dreamer must be taught that the real pearl he needs to be seeking is the “pearl of great price” of Matthew 13.45–46: the Kingdom of Heaven. The Dreamer’s obstinacy and ignorance are gradually, through the patient teaching of the pearl-maiden, somewhat satisfied, and he wishes to have a glimpse of the heavenly Jerusalem itself. Thus the last fifth of the poem is devoted to a lengthy description of the heavenly city as described in Revelation 20–21, and of his beloved Pearl in the train of 144,000 virgins that pass before the throne of the Lamb in Revelation 14. Overcome by longing and a desire to reunite with his Pearl, the Dreamer impulsively attempts to cross the stream and enter the heavenly city, at which he immediately awakens. Presumably a more patient man after his vision, the Dreamer awakes better able to cope with his loss. But Pearl is admired not only for its content but also for its complex form. The poem is written in four-stress, octosyllabic (eight-syllable) lines that generally also use alliteration. The lines form 101 12-line stanzas, rhyming ababababbcbc. These are arranged into 20 groups of five stanzas each (except section 15, which contains six). The c-rhymes are the same in all five stanzas, and the final word of the last line is identical in all five stanzas of any given section. In addition, the first line of the last four stanzas in each section contains this same repeated word somewhere in the line, and that word is used in the first line of the succeeding section, linking the sections together. The final line of the poem ends with the word “paye” (roughly translated as “content”), which is also the final word of the first line. Thus line 1212 of the poem links to line 1, and the poem forms a complete, perfect circle— a pearl.

This elaborate rhyme scheme is used elsewhere in Middle English in shorter poems, but to attempt it in a poem of 1,212 lines was a remarkable undertaking. There is some question as to why the poet broke the pattern in section 15 with an extra stanza. Some scholars believe that the poet intended to eliminate one of the stanzas from this section, though there is no agreement as to which. Others suggest that the poet meant to demonstrate that nothing of man’s making is perfect, and deliberately introduced a defect in the poem. Still others believe that, unlike 1,200, 1,212 lines suggests the multiple 12 x 12, or 144, reflecting the 144,000 virgins among whom the Pearl maiden is now counted. Whatever the cause, readers have found little to criticize in the elaborate structure of the poem, and much to admire in its skillful depiction of a man whose dream reveals to him the answers to the theological questions that have added to his grief.

Bibliography

■ Andrew,Malcolm, Ronald Waldron, and Clifford Peterson, ed. The Complete Works of the “Pearl” Poet. Translated by Casey Finch. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.

■ Bishop, Ian. Pearl in Its Setting: A Critical Study of the Structure and Meaning of the Middle English Poem. Oxford: Blackwell, 1968.

■ Boroff,Marie, trans. Pearl. New York: Norton, 1977.

■ Brewer, Derek, and Jonathan Gibson, ed. A Companion to the Gawain-Poet. Woodbridge, U.K.: D. S. Brewer, 1997.

■ Gordon, E. V., ed. Pearl. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1953.

■ Kean, P. M. “The Pearl”: An Interpretation. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1967.

■ Prior, Sandra Pierson. The Pearl Poet Revisited. New York: Twayne, 1994.

найдено в "Crosswordopener"

• ___ Harbor

• ___ Harbor, Hawaii

• ___ Jam

• ___ Jam (Eddie Vedder's band)

• ___ onion

• ___ S. Buck

• The Good Earth novelist Buck

• The Scarlet Letter daughter

• 1971 Janis Joplin record

• 30th anniversary

• 30th anniversary gift

• 5 point type

• Bailey of songdom

• Bailey or Buck

• Bailey or White

• Bead from an oyster

• Bead on a string

• Bead on a string, perhaps

• Beauty

• Birthstone in a shell

• Bit of wisdom

• Black ___ (ship in Pirates of the Caribbean)

• Briefly, paint containing mica particles

• Brilliant gray

• Buck in the bookshop

• Buck of books

• Buck or Bailey

• Buck who won a Nobel Prize

• Buck with a Nobel

• Classic Steinbeck novella (with The)

• Cultured bauble

• Cultured gem

• Diver's find

• Diver's gem of a find

• Diver's prize

• Diver's quest

• Earring inset

• Entertainer Minnie

• Find in an oyster

• Form beads

• Gem for a 30th anniversary

• Gem from an oyster

• Gem of an oyster

• Gem of the ocean

• Gem on a strand

• Gem that's often strung

• Gem with a mother

• Gift from an oyster

• Grand Ole Opry legend Minnie

• Harbor of Hawaii

• Harbor or diver leader

• Hee Haw's Minnie

• Hester Prynne's daughter

• Hester Prynne's girl

• Hester Prynne's kid

• Hester's daughter

• Hester's girl

• Hester's willful child

• Iridescent gem

• It may be cultured

• It may be stranded

• It may start as a grain of sand

• It might be of great price

• It's cultured for sale to the cultured

• Item case...

• Item on Barbara Bush's necklace

• Janis Joplin, to her fans

• Janis Joplin's album

• Janis Joplin's nickname

• Jewel from the sea

• June birthstone

• June's gem

• Kind of diver

• Kind of necklace

• Kind of onion

• Lustrous bead

• Margarite

• Masterpiece

• Memorable Minnie

• Minnie of Hee Haw

• Minnie of the Opry

• Minnie who ruled The Opry

• Modern June birthstone

• Mollusk's creation

• Mother-of- ___

• Necklace bead

• Necklace component

• Necklace element

• Necklace gem

• Necklace item, perhaps

• Nugget of wisdom

• Nugget, as of wisdom

• Ocean treasure

• One of a strand

• Onion or oyster

• Only gem made by an animal

• Organic gem

• Oyster bead

• Oyster catch?

• Oyster find

• Oyster formation

• Oyster gem

• Oyster output

• Oyster prize

• Oyster product

• Oyster's center

• Oyster's creation

• Oyster's offering

• Oyster's secret

• Oyster's treasure

• Oyster's yield

• Pale gray

• Pale grey colour

• Porous gem

• Posthumous Janis Joplin album

• Precious object in a Steinbeck novella

• Precious one

• Precious thing

• Prize in an oyster

• Ring bearing rare gem (5)

• Rock's ___ Jam

• Round gem

• Sea discovery

• Sea gem

• Sea prize

• Shade of gray

• Singer Bailey

• Small treasure

• Something precious

• Sphere of wisdom?

• Spheroid gem

• Steinbeck classic (with The)

• Steinbeck opus, with The

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• Stickpin head

• Stranded item

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• The LeSabre Celebration Edition is available in a new color, Crimson ___

• Thirtieth anniversary gift

• Thirty years' gem

• Traditional 30th anniversary gift

• Tragic Hawaiian harbor

• Treasure from the deep

• Treasure in an oyster

• Type size

• Type size just smaller than agate

• Underwater treasure

• Very pale gray

• Wisdom unit

• Word after Pink or black

• Word before Jam or Harbor

• A smooth lustrous round structure inside the shell of a clam or oyster

• Much valued as a jewel

• A shade of white the color of bleached bones

• A shape that is small and round

найдено в "Новом большом англо-русском словаре под общим руководством акад. Ю.Д. Апресяна"

1. {pɜ:l} n

1. 1) жемчуг

cultured ~ - культивированный жемчуг

Venetian ~ - искусственный жемчуг

2) жемчужина, перл

2. перламутр

3. нечто изысканное, великолепный образец

he is the very ~ of courtesy - он воплощённая вежливость

4. капля росы; слезинка

5. крупинка; зёрнышко

fine ~ - перловая крупа (мелкая)

6. бледный голубовато-серый цвет

7. бугорок на роге оленя

8. полигр. перл (шрифт кегля 5)

9. тех. гранула

10. мед. капсула, ампула

♢ to cast ~s before swine - метать бисер перед свиньями

2. {pɜ:l} a

1. жемчужный

~ beads - жемчужные бусы

2. перламутровый

3. голубовато-серый

4. зерновидный, зернёный, гранулированный

3. {pɜ:l} v

1. 1) осыпать, украшать жемчугом

2) покрывать каплями и т. п.

~ed with dew - покрытый жемчужными каплями росы

3) выступать жемчужными каплями

perspiration ~ed his brow - на его лбу выступили жемчужины пота

4) окрашивать в перламутровые, жемчужные тона

the dawn ~ed the sky - заря окрасила небо в перламутровые тона

2. добывать жемчуг

3. глазировать (конфеты, пирожные)

4. рушить (ячмень и т. п.)

II {pɜ:l} n редк.

зубчик (на кружеве и т. п.)

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